WITCHCRAFT AND SECRET SOCIETIES OF RURAL ENGLAND: THE MAGIC OF TOADMEN, PLOUGH WITCHES, MUMMERS, AND BONESMEN BY NIGEL PENNICK Castle Falkenstein artefacts of power

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WITCHCRAFT AND SECRET SOCIETIES OF RURAL ENGLAND: THE MAGIC OF TOADMEN, PLOUGH WITCHES, MUMMERS, AND BONESMEN BY NIGEL PENNICK Castle Falkenstein artefacts of powerA comprehensive account of the rich folk culture preserved in the rural secret societies of the British Isles Describes the secret rites, ceremonies, and initiation rituals of guilds and rural fraternities such as the Shoemakers, Horsemen, Toadmen, Mummers, and Bonesmen Explains their use of masks, black face, and other disguises to avoid persecution Draws not only on scholarly research but also the authors personal contacts within these still living